Farah Aswana binti Mohd Ramly

Project Abstract:

This study proposes the development and application of slot and bends transmission line to the structure of antenna array. Lower impedance bandwidth and low gain are the main disadvantages of the single patch antenna. This is due to the inverse relationship between the permittivity of the substrate that being used to design the antenna with the gained bandwidth. Usually, for the substrate that have a permittivity greater than 3.2, the bandwidth reduction will occurred. There are several techniques that can be used to achieve higher bandwidth and gain, including designing the antenna in array. An antenna array is actually a set of two or more antenna radiators which signals are equally distributed to each radiator in order to improve performance over that of a single antenna. The performance of the antenna array can also being improved by altering the antenna’s radiator such as by inserting slot. The objectives of this research are to study the effect of insertion of slot and different transmission line to the performance of the antenna array at 2.45 GHz, as well as to investigate the performance of antenna array before and after inserting the slot and bending the transmission line. This research will also include the process of designing and analysing the new structure of single patch antenna and its antenna array. The single microstrip patch antenna and the antenna array will be designed using standard formulas as a reference. Then, the performance of these two antennas will be observed through simulation process using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. The performance of both patch and antenna array will be observed from reflection coefficient graph and radiation pattern obtained from CST software. The miniaturized antenna array will be designed based on the dimension gained from the patch antenna. The comparison between the conventional array and the miniaturized array will be observed in terms of gain and the bandwidth. The miniaturized antenna array will be optimized by inserting the slot to the array structure and also by applying bends at 45o to each corner of the transmission line. From this work, it is expected that the performance of antenna array in term of radiation pattern and bandwidth can be improved by incorporated the antenna array with slot and bends transmission line.